Tax Issues Facing Homeowners' Associations: Forms 1120-H, 1120, 1120-C, and 990

Course Details
- smart_display Format
On-Demand
- signal_cellular_alt Difficulty Level
Intermediate
- work Practice Area
Tax Preparer
- event Date
Thursday, October 26, 2023
- schedule Time
1:00 p.m. ET./10:00 a.m. PT
- timer Program Length
110 minutes
-
BARBRI is a NASBA CPE sponsor and this 110-minute webinar is accredited for 2.0 CPE credits.
-
BARBRI is an IRS-approved continuing education provider offering certified courses for Enrolled Agents (EA) and Tax Return Preparers (RTRP).
This course will provide welcomed tax advice for practitioners, board members, and owners participating in or advising homeowners' associations (HOAs). The panelist will help advisers understand the three filing considerations HOAs should consider annually, historical precedents relative to HOAs, and how to minimize taxes paid by these residential associations.
Faculty

Mr. Erlanger received his BS degree in accounting/finance from the University Of California Berkeley, MBA in finance from Boston University and MS-Taxation from California State University. He is a past president, speaker and author Community Associations Institute-SF Bay Central Valley Chapter, long-time active member and president Echo Accountants Resource Panel as well as author for Echo’s publications and speaker. Member of the Planning Committee of the Cal Society CPAs CIRA Conference and numerous speaker at the annual conference.
Description
For most HOAs, there are three possible ways to file:
- Tax-exempt under IRC Section 501(c), (Form 990)
- As a regular corporation under IRC subchapter C (Form 1120), or
- Quasi tax-exempt under IRC Section 528 (Form 1120-H).
A smaller number of associations qualify as Subchapter T cooperatives with their own unique set of tax issues. These cooperatives file Form 1120-C.
Instead of filing the same way as last year, professionals need to consider or reconsider these alternatives each year. And, don't exclude Form 1120-C from consideration--some tax preparers are taking the position that condominium associations actually qualify as cooperatives and should file Form 1120-C.
All filing choices are fraught with their own unique tax aspects opening up areas of potential disagreement from questioning member homeowners and the IRS. No one approach will always be accepted and easy.
The "default position" for an HOA is to file Form 1120 as a regular corporation (subject to the limitations of IRC 277). HOAs doing this must consider: (1) the limit on the deduction of expenses for membership activities per IRC Section 277; (2) not paying tax on income to the extent Revenue Ruling 70-604 applies; and (3) IRC 118 capital contributions for reserve assessments.
Perhaps the most well known is the quasi-exempt status for HOAs. However, specific qualifications must be met to file Form 1120-H under IRC Section 528. It can be impossible to qualify in any given year (such as when significant reserves are assessed). Also, what if the election is "busted"?
Finally, what does it take to qualify for full tax-exempt status under IRC Section 501(c)? How can an HOA apply for and receive tax-exempt status, and how should a practitioner handle the IRS' insistence on non-member access?
Listen as our panel of experts details annual HOA considerations, including whether to file Form 1120 or an 1120-H, when and how to apply for tax-exempt status, applying Revenue Ruling 70-604 for overassessments, and other critical considerations for HOAs.
Outline
- What is an HOA?
- Applying for tax-exempt status
- Filing Form 1120
- Electing to be taxed under IRC 528 and Form 1120-H
- Exempt versus non-exempt income
Benefits
The panelist will cover these and other essential matters:
- What is an HOA?
- Which HOAs should consider applying for tax-exempt status?
- When should an HOA file an 1120 versus an 1120-H?
- What is exempt income? What income is considered non-exempt?
- Cooperative tax issues
NASBA Details
Learning Objectives
After completing this course, you will be able to:
- Identify an HOA
- Ascertain when to file Form 1120 versus 1120-H
- Determine which HOAs should apply for tax-exempt status
- Recognize when the election under Revenue Ruling 70-604 is beneficial
- Field of Study: Taxes
- Level of Knowledge: Intermediate
- Advance Preparation: None
- Teaching Method: Seminar/Lecture
- Delivery Method: Group-Internet (via computer)
- Attendance Monitoring Method: Attendance is monitored electronically via a participant's PIN and through a series of attendance verification prompts displayed throughout the program
- Prerequisite: Three years+ business or public firm experience preparing complex tax forms and schedules, supervising other preparers or accountants. Specific knowledge and understanding of corporate taxation, including taxation of businesses and a basic understanding of Form 1120.

Strafford Publications, Inc. is registered with the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) as a sponsor of continuing professional education on the National Registry of CPE Sponsors. State boards of Accountancy have final authority on the acceptance of individual courses for CPE Credits. Complaints regarding registered sponsons may be submitted to NASBA through its website: www.nasbaregistry.org.

Strafford is an IRS-approved continuing education provider offering certified courses for Enrolled Agents (EA) and Tax Return Preparers (RTRP).
Related Courses

Form 1041 Schedule D: Reporting Capital Gains for Trusts and Estates
Available On-Demand

Closer Connection Exception: Determining Tax Home; Treaty Tie-Breakers, Form 8840
Thursday, April 10, 2025
1:00 PM E.T.
Recommended Resources
How CPE Can Bridge the Gap Between What You Know and What You Need to Know
- Career Advancement